Educational Philosophy & Thinkers
Asked 3 months ago · Viewed 4,625 times
Consider the following statements regarding the social and religious reform movements and their founders/leaders in 19th-century India:
- 1. The primary objective of the 'Brahmo Samaj', established by Raja Ram Mohan Roy in 1828, was to establish monotheism based on the non-dualistic (Advaita) philosophy of the Upanishads while refuting evil practices such as idol worship, polytheism, and the Sati system.
- 2. The 'Arya Samaj', founded by Swami Dayanand Saraswati in 1875, gave the slogan 'Back to the Vedas' and initiated the 'Shuddhi Movement' to purify Hindu society and bring back converted Hindus into the fold of Hinduism.
- 3. The main objective of the 'Satyashodhak Samaj', established by Jyotirao Phule in 1873, was to liberate lower castes (Shudras and Atishudras) from Brahmanical dominance and religious hypocrisy while securing social justice for them.
- 4. The 'Prarthana Samaj', established by Atmaram Pandurang in 1867 under the inspiration of Keshab Chandra Sen, laid special emphasis on social reforms such as inter-caste marriage, widow remarriage, women's education, and the upliftment of Dalits, while never attempting to completely separate itself from orthodox Hinduism.
Which of the above statement(s) is/are completely true?
✓ Correct! Well done.
✗ Not quite — the correct answer is highlighted above.
Detailed Explanation
All the given statements are completely true. The 19th-century period is considered the era of 'social and cultural renaissance' in India.
- Brahmo Samaj (1828): Founded by Raja Ram Mohan Roy, it promoted monotheism.
- Arya Samaj (1875): Established by Swami Dayanand Saraswati, it upheld the supremacy of the Vedas and launched the Shuddhi movement.
- Satyashodhak Samaj (1873): Founded by Jyotirao Phule to protect the rights of underprivileged classes.
- Prarthana Samaj (1867): Established by Atmaram Pandurang, it played a crucial role in social and religious reforms in Maharashtra.
Next question →
Consider the following statements regarding the 1974 student movement in Bihar…
← Previous question
Consider the following statements regarding the…
Related Questions
→
Regarding 'Fundamental Rights', 'Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP)', and 'Fundamental Duties' provided in the Indian Constitution, consider the following statements: 1. Fundamental Rights are inspired by the Constitution of the United States of America and primarily establish political democracy, being justiciable in nature, while Directive Principles are borrowed from the Irish Constitution, promote socio-economic democracy, and are non-justiciable. 2. The number of Fundamental Duties added by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment on the recommendations of the Swaran Singh Committee (1976) was originally 10, which was later increased to 11 through the 86th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2002, which includes providing opportunities for education to children aged 6 to 14 years. 3. Under Article 32, the Supreme Court, and under Article 226, High Courts have the power to issue writs for the enforcement of fundamental rights, and Parliament has been given special power under Article 33 to restrict or abrogate the fundamental rights of armed forces, police, and intelligence agencies. 4. Under Directive Principles, Article 44 (Uniform Civil Code), Article 40 (Organization of Village Panchayats), and Article 48 (Organization of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry) are directive principles based solely on socialist ideology, having no connection with Gandhian philosophy. Which of the above statement(s) is/are completely true?
→
Consider the following statements regarding the Partition of Bengal (1905) and the Swadeshi Movement launched against it: 1. The official announcement of the decision to partition Bengal was made by Lord Curzon on July 20, 1905, and in opposition to it, the formal resolution of the 'Swadeshi Movement' was passed at a historic meeting held at the Town Hall in Calcutta on August 7, 1905. 2. The date on which the partition of Bengal came into effect (October 16, 1905) was observed as a 'Day of Mourning' throughout Bengal, where people fasted, tied rakhis on each other's wrists at the call of Bengali poet Rabindranath Tagore, and sang the song 'Amar Shonar Bangla'. 3. During the Swadeshi Movement, along with economic boycott and the use of indigenous goods, efforts were also made in the field of national education, under which the Bengal National College was established, and Aurobindo Ghosh was appointed as its first principal. 4. In the 1905 Banaras session (presided over by Gopal Krishna Gokhale) and the 1906 Calcutta session (presided over by Dadabhai Naoroji) of the Congress, there was complete ideological agreement between the Moderates and Extremists regarding the spread of the Swadeshi and boycott movement, and this movement did not spread outside Bengal. Which of the above statement(s) is/are completely true?
→
With reference to the sources of ancient Indian history, literary works, and the administrative and religious developments of various dynasties, consider the following statements: 1. In the Maurya period, Kautilya's 'Arthashastra' elaborates on the 'Saptanga Theory' of the state (Swami, Amatya, Janapada, Durga, Kosha, Sena, and Mitra), and prescribes 'Upadha Pariksha' (character test) before the appointment of council of ministers members. 2. In the Gupta period, the Sanskrit drama 'Mrichchhakatika' (The Little Clay Cart) written by Shudraka, instead of depicting the lives of kings and palaces, presents a vivid and realistic portrayal of contemporary urban society, judicial system, and corruption through the love affair of a poor Brahmin Charudatta and a courtesan Vasantasena. 3. Under Sangam literature (which is a major source of ancient South Indian history), a total of three Sangams were organized under the patronage of Pandya kings in Madurai and Kapatapuram, and 'Tolkappiyam' is an ancient text of Tamil grammar authored by Tolkappiyar. 4. Nalanda University was at its peak during the reign of Harsha, and the Chinese traveler Hiuen Tsang stayed here to study Buddhist philosophy, providing an extensive description of the social, economic, and religious condition of Harsha's time in his travelogue 'Si-Yu-Ki'. Which of the above statement(s) is/are completely true?
→
Consider the following statements regarding the social and cultural reform movements in 19th-century India and the ideological perspectives of their founders: 1. The 'Atmiya Sabha' (1815) and the Brahmo Samaj, established by Raja Ram Mohan Roy, adopted Western liberalism and rationalism, strongly opposing social evils such as idol worship, polytheism, caste system, and Sati practice, while expressing complete faith in the infallibility of the Vedas. 2. The 'Arya Samaj' (1875), founded by Swami Dayanand Saraswati, gave the slogan "Back to the Vedas" and attempted to establish the superiority of ancient Vedic culture, yet while unfurling the banner against hypocrisy, he strongly rejected the rituals, idol worship, and birth-based caste system of Puranic Hinduism. 3. The main objective of the 'Satyashodhak Samaj', established by Jyotirao Phule in the year 1873, was to liberate Shudras and Ati-Shudras (lower castes) from Brahminical supremacy and religious hypocrisy and to provide them social justice through education, and based on this ideological background, he authored the book 'Gulamgiri'. 4. Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar made relentless efforts by presenting evidence from ancient texts in favor of widow remarriage, as a result of which the British government passed the 'Hindu Widows' Remarriage Act, 1856' (Act XV of 1856), which received legal recognition during the tenure of Lord Dalhousie. Which of the above statement(s) is/are completely true?
→
With reference to the social and religious reform movements and their founders in 19th-century India, consider the following statements: 1. 'Atmiya Sabha' (1815) and later 'Brahmo Samaj' (1828) established by Raja Ram Mohan Roy strongly opposed evil practices like idol worship, polytheism, priestcraft, and Sati system, and supported monotheism and rational Vedantic philosophy. 2. 'Arya Samaj' established by Swami Dayanand Saraswati in the year 1875 gave the slogan 'Back to the Vedas' and considered the Vedas as infallible and a source of destroying ignorance, but he supported idol worship and the birth-based caste system. 3. The main objective of 'Satyashodhak Samaj' established by Jyotirao Phule in the year 1873 was to liberate Shudras and Ati-Shudras (lower castes) from Brahmanical dominance and religious hypocrisy and to socially empower them through education. 4. Due to the relentless efforts of Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar, the 'Hindu Widows' Remarriage Act (Act XV of 1856)' was passed by the British government in the year 1856, which legally recognized the remarriage of widows. Which of the above statement(s) is/are completely true?
→
Consider the following statements regarding the social and cultural reform movements in India during the 19th century and their founders: 1. The main objective of 'Atmiya Sabha' established by Raja Ram Mohan Roy in 1815 and 'Brahmo Samaj' established in 1828 was to oppose idol worship, propagate monotheism, and eradicate social evils in Hindu society (such as the Sati system). 2. 'Prarthana Sabha' (Prarthana Samaj) was established in Bombay in 1867 by Atmaram Pandurang under the inspiration of Keshab Chandra Sen, whose main focus was promoting inter-caste marriage, widow remarriage, and women's education, as well as reforming the social fabric of Maharashtra. 3. 'Arya Samaj' established in Bombay in 1875 by Swami Dayanand Saraswati gave the slogan 'Back to the Vedas' and started the 'Shuddhi Movement' while refuting hypocrisy and idol worship, through which those Hindus who had adopted other religions for some reasons were brought back into the Hindu fold. 4. Henry Louis Vivian Derozio, the pioneer of the Young Bengal Movement, inspired his students during his teaching at Hindu College, Calcutta, to think independently, analyze logically, and openly question the social traditions and orthodoxies of that era. Which of the above statement(s) is/are completely true?
Log in
to add to quiz, bookmark, or report issues.