Educational Philosophy & Thinkers
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With reference to the ancient Indian education system, the Gurukul tradition, and Buddhist education, consider the following statements:
- 1. In Vedic education, the 'Pravrajya' ritual marked entry into Buddhist monasteries and the beginning of primary education, whereas the 'Upanayan' ritual symbolized entry into the Brahmacharya ashram in the Vedic education system.
- 2. Unlike Nalanda University, Vallabhi University was primarily a major center of study for the Theravada (Hinayana) Buddhist sect, where economics, ethics, and vocational education were taught alongside religion and philosophy.
- 3. Vikramshila University in ancient times was established by King Dharmapala of the Pala dynasty and was world-famous for the study of Vajrayana Buddhism, tantric education, and logic.
Which of the statement(s) given above is/are correct?
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Detailed Explanation
Statement 1 is incorrect because the 'Pravrajya' ritual is related to the Buddhist education system (entry into monasteries), not Vedic education. In Buddhism, the Pravrajya ritual took place at the age of 8 for entering monastic life, whereas the 'Upanayan' ritual was practiced in Vedic education. Statement 2 is correct; Vallabhi University (Saurashtra, Gujarat) was primarily a center of the Hinayana Buddhist sect where practical subjects were taught in addition to religion and philosophy. Statement 3 is correct; Vikramshila University, founded by the famous Pala ruler Dharmapala, was an extremely important center for Vajrayana Buddhism, tantric studies, and logic.
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