Operant Conditioning (Skinner)
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According to B. F. Skinner's Operant Conditioning Theory, regarding the psychological implications of 'Schedules of Reinforcement' (such as Continuous vs. Intermittent/Ratio Schedules) on the resistance to extinction of desired student behaviors and the scientific management of the 'shaping' process in classroom teaching, which of the following psychological statements is the most authentic and scientifically valid?
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Detailed Explanation
Understanding Schedules of Reinforcement
According to B. F. Skinner's theory of operant conditioning, different reinforcement schedules produce distinct behavioral patterns:
- Continuous Reinforcement: Providing reinforcement after every correct response is most effective during the initial acquisition phase of learning new behaviors.
- Intermittent Reinforcement: When a behavior needs to be maintained over a long period with high resistance to extinction, intermittent (interval or ratio) schedules are far more effective because the unpredictability of the reward maintains engagement.
Therefore, option A is the scientifically valid statement regarding reinforcement schedules in pedagogy.
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