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Piaget Vygotsky Theories of learning NEP 2020 Inclusive education CCE
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8,102 results

Under B. F. Skinner's 'Operant Conditioning Theory', the concept of 'Negative Reinforcement' involves increasing the frequency, probability, and rate of a desired positive behavior or response by removing or preventing…

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Operant Conditioning (Skinner)
1,170 views asked 3 months ago

According to Lev Vygotsky's Socio-Cultural Theory, the 'Zone of Proximal Development' (ZPD) represents the gap between the actual developmental level (determined by independent problem solving) and the potential developmental level…

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Lev Vygotsky
4,659 views asked 3 months ago

Under Norman Crowder's 'Branching Programmed Instruction' (also known as Intrinsic Programming), the concept of the 'Diagnostic and Remedial Branching Mechanism'—where immediate diagnosis of a learner's knowledge gaps occurs based on…

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Diagnostic & Remedial Teaching
3,844 views asked 3 months ago

Under Carl Rogers' Humanistic Approach and Person-Centered Education, the concept of 'Experiential Learning' emphasizes real-life problems, personal curiosity, and direct participation, connecting knowledge to the student's own feelings and desires.…

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Maslow, Rogers & Humanism
4,088 views asked 3 months ago

Under Robert Gagne's 'Conditions of Learning' (Hierarchy of Learning), the highest and final type of learning proposed is 'Problem Solving Learning', wherein the learner uses previously acquired rules, principles, and…

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Cognitive Development
4,054 views asked 3 months ago

According to Abraham Maslow's 'Theory of Human Motivation / Hierarchy of Needs', the highest level of need—'Self-Actualization', where an individual strives to recognize and develop their full potential, talent, creativity,…

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Maslow, Rogers & Humanism
3,167 views asked 3 months ago

Under Lawrence Kohlberg's Theory of Moral Development, the 'Social Contract and Individual Rights' stage falls within the Post-conventional Level. At this stage, an individual believes that rules and laws are…

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Moral & Character Development
2,506 views asked 3 months ago

Under Jean Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development, 'Decentration' is defined as the mental ability to move beyond focusing on a single aspect or dimension of an object or situation (centration)…

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Jean Piaget
1,891 views asked 3 months ago

Under Edward Thorndike's Trial and Error Theory of Learning, the 'Law of Multiple Responses' is a crucial secondary law. It is defined as an organism's tendency to exhibit various distinct…

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Thorndike: Trial and Error
4,487 views asked 3 months ago

Under Jerome Bruner's Discovery Learning Theory, one of the central stages of representation is 'Symbolic Representation', which is defined as the ability to mentally code, store, and manipulate knowledge using…

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Jerome Bruner
4,509 views asked 3 months ago

Under Lawrence Kohlberg's Theory of Moral Development, the final and highest stage of the Post-Conventional Level—Universal Ethical Principle Orientation (Stage 6)—is defined by personal moral standards, universal principles of justice,…

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Moral & Character Development
4,223 views asked 3 months ago

According to Howard Gardner's Theory of Multiple Intelligences, a central mental capacity is 'Intrapersonal Intelligence', defined as the ability to deeply understand one's own feelings, motivations, internal desires, strengths, and…

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Gardner: Multiple Intelligences
2,752 views asked 3 months ago

According to Urie Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Systems Theory, the 'Mesosystem' is defined as the interconnections and relationships occurring between different microsystems, such as family, school, peer groups, and neighborhoods. Which of…

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Other Theorists (Gesell, Bronfenbrenner, Bowlby…)
3,620 views asked 3 months ago

According to Albert Bandura's Social Learning Theory, a central psychological concept is 'Self-Efficacy', which is defined as an individual's personal belief in their capacity to successfully execute specific tasks or…

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Albert Bandura
1,309 views asked 3 months ago

According to John Dewey's theory of Progressive Education and Experiential Learning, the central pedagogical concept of 'Learning by Doing' defines knowledge construction through active physical and mental participation, practical experiments,…

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Child-centred & Active Learning
1,934 views asked 3 months ago

According to Jean Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development, the 'Concrete Operational Stage' (approximately 7 to 11 years of age) is defined as a phase where children develop logical thinking, classification,…

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Jean Piaget
4,580 views asked 3 months ago

Under Ivan Pavlov's Classical Conditioning Theory, 'Extinction' is defined as a process where the conditioned response (CR, such as salivation) gradually weakens and eventually disappears when the conditioned stimulus (CS,…

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Classical Conditioning (Pavlov)
1,158 views asked 3 months ago

Under Norman Crowder's Branching Programmed Instruction Theory, a central pedagogical concept—'Intrinsic Programming / Remedial Branching'—functions as a corrective system where learners are automatically directed to specific remedial sub-routines based on…

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Diagnostic & Remedial Teaching
2,004 views asked 3 months ago

Under Sigmund Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory, the 'Ego' is a central personality structure operated by the Reality Principle, acting as the executive organ or mediator balancing the animalistic desires of the…

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Sigmund Freud
1,680 views asked 3 months ago

Under Edward Thorndike's 'Trial and Error Theory of Learning', the 'Law of Readiness' is defined as a state where when a conduction unit is ready to conduct, for it to…

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Thorndike: Trial and Error
1,241 views asked 3 months ago